During the process of heart formation genes with diverging functions become essential.
Other regions, including regulatory regions, are not preserved, leading to diverging functions and subfunctionalization.
To perform this mapping, we use a single best-matching protein, which we refer to as the best target protein (BTP), rather than a collection of related proteins, to avoid including large gene families containing paralogs of possibly diverged function (see Methods).
The utilization of biogas shows a number of diverged functions and has achieved a high level of industrialization and commercialization in OECD countries (GARR 2012; U.S.EPA 2015; Couture and Gagnon 2010; FIT 2012), such as electricity production, biogas vehicles, and other transport systems (SEA 2012; Fallde and Eklund 2015; Olsen et al. 2013; NIFU 2015; Gildas 2010; Bojesen et al. 2014).
We show that while the three different CRT family members in Arabidopsis have retained basic CRT functions, they have attained diverged functions in planta.
Arabidopsis VRN1 and Glyma11g13220 exhibit conserved as well as diverged functions.
We further investigated the possibly diverged functions of the four TRP-N paralogs in Hydra.
Furthermore, the differences in evolutionary pattern between gene families or species also suggest different evolutionary pressures and diverged functions.
Referee 3: Arcady Mushegian Stowers Institute Kansas City, KA The manuscript deals with the fates of duplicated genes in bacterial genomes, focusing on the selected families of the enzymes with related, diverged functions and their sequence homologs.
In theory, natural selection may drive the expansion of the sex-specific region of suppressed recombination (Charlesworth et al. 2005), and old sex chromosomes may evolve distinct suites of genes with unique, nonhomologous, and/or extensively diverged functions.
