On the other hand, Khaitovich's gene expression divergence was defined by the average value over all loci comprising the transcriptome, instead of being locus-specific.
Using 1143 nucleotides of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from 262 individuals sampled from 28 localities, two main clades (clade A and clade B) differing by c. 7.72% sequence divergence were defined from parsimony analyses.
(5.2) The Csiszár f-divergence is defined as follows [21]: I_{f} ( p,q ) :=int_{Omega}p ( t ) f biggl[ frac{q ( t ) }{p ( t ) } biggr],dmu ( t ), quad p,qinmathcal{P}, (5.3) where f is convex on (( 0,infty ) ).
The normalized divergence rate is defined as the divergence rate of the target site minus the divergence rate of flanking region.
To this purpose, a second method has been taken into consideration: the divergence measure called Kullback-Leibler divergence, that is defined as D KL ( P ∥ Q ) = ∑ i P ( i ) log P ( i ) Q ( i ), (4).
Surface wind divergence (divU) is defined as mathrm{divU}=frac{partial u}{partial x}+frac{partial v}{partial y} (2 where u and v are the westerly and southerly wind components at the surface.
The Kullback-Leibler divergence [20] is defined as D_{KL} ( p,q ) :=int_{Omega}p ( t ) log biggl[ frac{p ( t ) }{q ( t ) } biggr],dmu ( t ), quad p,qinmathcal{P}.
The Jensen Shannon distance is the square root of the Jensen Shannon divergence, which is defined in terms of the Shannon entropy function of the probability distributions (see Lin, 1991).
The key to WG-MFEM is the use of a discrete weak divergence operator which is defined and computed by solving inexpensive problems locally on each element.
