According to recent molecular divergence date estimates, the placental superorders diverged around 88too 90 Ma, but most extant orders seem to have originated near to or soon after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction, around 65 Ma [ 2, 55].
The common ancestors of vertebrates and amphioxus diverged around 600 million years ago.
Lomisoidea and Chirostyloidea diverged around 122 MYA from a squat-lobster like ancestor.
The genomes of a centric diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana, and a pennate diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, that likely diverged around 90 Mya, have recently become available.
The three forest species (of which C. mackenii and C. quinqueloba have identical sequences in 3503 nucleotides) diverged around 2.8 Ma (4.7 - 1.1 95% HPD) ago, during the Late Pliocene to Pleistocene.
However, despite these similarities in gene content the average nucleotide identity among homologous sequence was around 76%, which is considerably lower than among genes recognizably shared between E. coli and Salmonella enterica, which are thought to have diverged around 120 Ma (Ochman and Groisman 1994).
The growth curves of uninfected infants and those postpartum infected diverged around 14 weeks and continued to remain divergent throughout the subsequent follow-up period.
The three main clades are highly divergent and well supported, and are estimated to have diverged around the Pliocene/Pleistocene border.
The tammar wallaby and the opossum diverged around 70 mya [ 11], comparable with the divergence within eutheria, amongst which much use has been made of comparative information, e.g. dog and human [ 24]; sheep and human [ 16].
These host-associated lineages are thus likely to have diverged around 1mya based on the generally accepted rate of COI divergence in insects of 2% per million years (DeSalle et al. 1987).
The O. sativa and the S e. italica CR3 diverged around 46.298 ± 4.521 Ma, which is consistent with the estimated divergence time of oryzoid and panicoid lineages.
