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The HMF also markedly disturbs development processes, evidenced by delayed embryonic and nymphal development in planthoppers (Wan et al. 2014), increased embryo malformation in newt (Asashima and Shimada 1991) and Xenopus (Mo et al. 2012b), as well as inhibited early embryogenesis in mice (Fesenko et al. 2010).
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"The Saudi addiction to oil has disturbed development of many sectors in past years".
Some flavonoids act on host-parasite interactions, and others disturb development or metabolism of protozoan parasites [ 39], including Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma sp. [ 40].
PBDEs disturb development of hNPCs in vitro via endocrine disruption of cellular TH signaling at concentrations that might be of relevance for human exposure.
This small group of genes may be robust indicators of a generally disturbed development in the UKN1 system and could be considered as compound-independent biomarker candidates.
Many of these chemicals can disturb development of the endocrine system and of the organs that respond to endocrine signals in organisms indirectly exposed during prenatal and/or early postnatal life; effects of exposure during development are permanent and irreversible.
Developmental effects in laboratory rodents include cleft palate, disturbed development of the mandible, various ureteric and kidney malformations in mice (Abbott and Birnbaum 1989; Abbott et al. 1987; Allen and Leam 2001; Peters et al. 1999), and alterations in the reproductive tract development and function in mice and rats (Hurst et al. 2000; Theobald and Peterson 1997).
Changing the nitrogen source disturbs growth and development, if at all, only to a minimum in contrast to other methods for promoter induction using chemicals [ 46], hormones [ 47- 51] or increased temperatures (heat shock promoters) [ 40- 45] 45].
The relentless series of doping scandals within professional cycling in recent years hides disturbing developments lower down the competitive ladder, reported the Union Cycliste International's Independent Commission for Reform in Cycling, which stated its belief that doping was increasing among under-23s and in teams below WorldTour, and that "doping in amateur cycling is becoming endemic.
Leading cosmologist Carlos Frenk spoke of the "disturbing" developments at the British Science Festival in Bradford.
There is now ample evidence that schizophrenia is due to an interaction between genetic and (early) environmental factors which disturbs normal development of the central nervous system and ultimately leads to the development of clinical symptoms.
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