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In their guidelines for the interpretation of lung functional tests, ATS/ERS supports using the LLN at the 5th percentile of the frequency distribution of a reference "healthy" population as the cut-off value [ 68].
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This model is based on analysis of signal intensities and distributions of a reference set of positive and negative controls included on each microarray.
Using an experimental model that surveys sections of the whole lung lobe at a spatial resolution of 200 µm, we have applied MALDI IMS to identify and quantify the distribution patterns of a reference compound inhaled into the lung.
We have tracked and quantified the distribution of an inhaled reference compound, tiotropium, within the lungs of dosed rats, using systematic point by point MS and MS/MS sampling at 200 µm intervals.
Rather than observing a chance distribution of a participant's reference frame with respect to an array of objects, there is a strong bias to orient the upward z-axis with the viewer's bodily axis.
Thus, we choose the highest mode of identity distribution as a reference to compute the unilateral P-values of our tests, which quantified the probability of each candidate to have a nucleotidic identity exceeding 95.63%, while accounting for the size of the alignment (fig. 2).
The cutoff values for the ASM/S 2 index were defined as −2 standard deviations below the sex-specific means of the distributions in a reference sample of young and middle-aged adults from the Rosetta Study.
This test works on the null hypotheses that the cumulative density function (CDF) of a target distribution is statistically similar to the CDF of a reference distribution.
For the first dataset that included ka measured for river sediments, all of the four models were able to delineate the spatial distribution of ka with a reference curve of ka and a set of scaling factors.
This was further refined by controlling for the frequency distribution of mutations in a reference database of APC gene mutations in FAP patients.
Problem behaviour (a dichotomous variable) was defined as a total problem score above the 90th percentile of the cumulative frequency distribution of the reference groups on a) the CBCL or b) the ASR.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com