As observed in A-EDMD patients, myonuclei in lmna-null mice exhibit both structural and antigen distribution abnormalities (e.g. LAP2, lamin B, emerin).
HIV-related fat distribution abnormalities, commonly associated with lipid disturbances, have been described in the past as more frequent in women [ 15].
In multivariate logistic regression modeling, fat distribution abnormalities due to ART were an independent risk factor for subsequent non-adherence in adults [ 5].
This holds especially true, since clinical and experimental research has clearly shown that distribution abnormalities in vasodilatory shock states contribute to significant changes in microvascular hemodynamics [ 5].
This finding is in line with that of the Asian cohort reported by Aurpibul et al., which found an increasing prevalence of fat distribution abnormalities as cumulative exposure to ART increased [ 11].
In peripheral blood smears, neutrophils were examined in terms of hypersegmentation, nuclear abnormalities (a nucleus with hook, lump, flag-like projections or microlobes and pseudo Pelger–Huet anomalies), cytoplasmic abnormalities (hypogranulation or agranulation and granule distribution abnormalities), and membrane abnormalities (protrusion, loss of integrity).
Smears with 2 % or more damaged nuclei was considered a nuclear structural defect, smears with 2 % or more hypogranulation was considered agranulation, smears with granule distribution abnormalities were considered cytoplasmic granule defects and smears with loss of membrane integrity were considered membrane abnormalities.
If there were two or more foci (unilateral or bilateral), the distribution of abnormality was considered multi foci.
Postmortem brain studies of schizophrenia patients revealed differences in neuron density, size, and arrangement, abnormalities in synapse-related proteins, alterations in monoaminergic and glutamatergic innervation, and receptor distribution and abnormalities in the expression of cytoskeletal proteins [ 55].
