This intrinsic multiplexing capability and their sensitivity to thermo-mechanical loads also render in-fibre Bragg gratings one of the most promising distributed sensor technologies for structural systems.
The combination of the recent advances in computational and distributed sensor network technologies provide a unique opportunity for focused efforts on high confidence modelling and simulation of multiphysics systems.
Based on the smart material and structronics technology, distributed sensor and control of shell structures have been rapidly developed for the last 20 years.
Advances in sensor technology and computer networks have enabled distributed sensor networks (DSNs) to evolve from small clusters of large sensors to large swarms of micro-sensors, from fixed sensor nodes to mobile nodes, from wired communications to wireless communications, from static network topology to dynamically changing topology.
For absolute localisation, the absence in the underground of a pervasive positioning infrastructure such as GPS has led to the use of alternative technologies, in particular distributed sensor networks.
This approach may be seen as a new technology based on specific estimation algorithms, using the sensor network as a "distributed" sensor place in the field of the distributed parameter systems, with application in the development of methods for monitoring, fault detection and diagnosis, and sensor malfunction detection.
The rapid technology development in wireless communication and embedded micro-sensing devices has made the distributed sensor networks (DSN) an area of national importance.
Detail technologies (including real-time tracking, mobile devices, human-machine collaboration, human-robot collaboration, smart digital models, distributed sensor networks and competence development) compose as another trends of further research.
With the wide spread of Web of Things (WoT) technology, massive data are generated by huge amounts of distributed sensors and different applications.
Furthermore, in SensorML [15], where sensor information is managed by utilizing XML technology and focus is on the discovery of sensors and the acquisition of positional information, there are examples of utilization for the purpose of collecting information on the population and states of pollution by dividing the area into specific regions of widely distributed sensors.
