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Intrinsic high levels of packet error probability in MANETs can cause high levels of distortion based on the position of packet loss in transmitted frames.
In the proposed scheme, a secret position matrix is designed to improve the hiding capacity which is capable of preventing the least distortion based on the combination theory.
Instead of a random process, the clipping distortion, based on the PA model in (3), is a deterministic function of the data.
The SSIM index is used to measure image distortion based on the comparison of luminance, contrast, and structure between the original and distorted images.
Furthermore, a method to correct for geometric distortion based on the transformation information calculated from the phantom data with 3D TPS has been implemented.
For each band j, the WZ frame target distortion based on the key frames at time t is computed as (8).
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"Opponents who favor this flawed approach are going to offer all sorts of distortions based on the fact that they cannot make a case on the substance for the bill they are advocating," Mr. Madden said.
They identify the audible distortions based on the perceptual domain representation of two signals incorporating human auditory models.
By application of a new online correction method for geometric EPI distortions based on the point spread function (PSF) [39] we achieved good EPI signal quality at 3 T in the amygdala region (Fig. 1).
All functional images were corrected for slice intensity differences with reference to the middle slice acquired in time; corrected for motion artifacts by realignment to the first volume; corrected for distortions based on the field map [Hutton et al., 2002]; and corrected for the interaction of motion and distortion using the "Unwarp toolbox" [Andersson et al., 2001; Hutton et al., 2004].
Conventional end-to-end distortion models for videos measure the overall distortion based on independent estimations of the source distortion and the channel distortion.
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