Distinguishing mortality prior to and following maturation acknowledges, and allows for the inclusion of, a survival cost of reproduction (Beverton et al. 1994; Roff 2002).
We used joinpoint regression analysis [ 20] to identify changes in mortality trends that might be associated with implementation of NHI in Taiwan, distinguishing mortality from causes considered amenable to health care and mortality from all other causes during 1981-2005.
Infection caused by Candida spp. develops in patients with multiple risk factors and severe underlying diseases, so that it is difficult to distinguish mortality attributed to candidemia from mortality related to the underlying illness.
In this article, we have not used data on cause of death to distinguish AIDS mortality from other causes of death among PLWH, which is another way of estimating mortality attributable to HIV.
We distinguish cardiovascular mortality from deaths due to other chronic diseases, and add new information regarding the nature of these increased risks.
To understand better the relationship between healthcare and amenable mortality, studies have tried to distinguish between mortality amenable to prevention, for example, immunisation, chronic disease management delivered largely in primary care, and interventions undertaken by specialist services [ 5- 7].
The probability of ETT complications, however, was an influential variable for which only one study was available [ 41], because most studies do not distinguish between mortality from ETT and complications from ETT that lead to mortality [ 41].
For example, repeat sampling of long transects over varied relief will enable researchers to distinguish between mortality from moisture limitation and senescence or frost.
To distinguish between mortality during summer, autumn migration, winter and spring migration, we used resightings at the start and end of summer (April–June and July September) in the breeding areas in The Netherlands and Germany and at the start and end of winter (October December and January March) in an individual's wintering area.
WRA mortality did not decline, but three periods could be distinguished: a stable mortality between 1996 2000 followed by 14% increase in mortality [Hazard rate ratio (HRR) =��1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98-1.32; p = 0.08] between 2001 2003, and then in the last period from 2004 2007 a 25% decline (HRR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.64-0.87; p < 0.001) in relation to the first period.
