Thereby, three evaluation approaches can be distinguished: cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis, and cost-benefit analysis [11].
Callahan et al [6] emphasized the need to distinguish costs of phenotypes from costs of plasticity per se, and to address their potential interactions.
It is important to distinguish costs from monetary transfer payments such as disability and welfare payments.
As it is difficult to distinguish costs specifically influenced by the intervention using observational data, cost is assessed over a 12 month period by summing all inpatient and outpatient costs for each patient in the sample.
For the cost analysis we distinguish cost within the antenatal period, during delivery and childbirth and within the postnatal period.
In doing so, we distinguish cost items that are tradable (e.g., vaccine wastage, insurance and security fees associated with freight into the country) from those that are typically non-tradable (e.g., administration, immunization support and monitoring/programmatic expenses).
In what follows, we sometimes use the terminology production costs and information costs to distinguish between costs incurred through production and costs paid to ensure truthful revelation by the buyer.6 The terms "marginal production" and "marginal information" costs will then have the obvious interpretation.
More detailed experiments are attempting to resolve the different costs but these studies have not yet separated biological costs from the biochemical costs nor, apparently, have such experiments yet distinguished the costs of body tissue formation from the costs of metabolic energy production.
The literature review distinguished between costs of dengue illness including cost of dengue outbreaks, cost of interventions and cost-effectiveness of interventions.
