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The principal question addressed in two experiments is how distinctive processing of studied material reduces false alarms to familiar distractors.
Distinctive processing is a concept designed to account for precision in memory, both correct responses and avoidance of errors.
The central claim of distinctiveness theory is that memory is enhanced when differences among individual items are processed in the context of the similarity among those items (referred to as distinctive processing).
Results across the three experiments established that distinctive processing (i.e., enhancements in both relational and item-specific processing) contributes to post-collaborative benefits across both short and long retention intervals.
Of greatest theoretical interest for diagnosing the extent to which post-collaborative benefits reflect distinctive processing, we examined indicators of relational processing (clustering and category access) and item-specific processing (items recalled per category and recognition performance).
It has been suggested that while knowing involves automatic processing which depends on fluency, remembering depends on distinctive processing that requires more attention [2].
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Change Blindness Reveals Distinctive Featural Processing in Size, Color, and Orientation.
Overall, the present findings in the prefrontal cortex indeed demonstrate distinctive functional processing during encoding of contextual associations under distraction with the dorsal-ventral axis in the prefrontal cortex and rostral-caudal axis in the VLPFC.
27 29 It is proposed that in such health-related risk situations, individuals utilise distinctive attentional processing styles, which allow them to be classified as a high or low monitor.
In conclusion, our ERP data show for the first time that the amygdala makes distinctive contributions to processing of fearful faces in at least two distinct time windows, both early (100 150 ms) and late (500 600 ms).
While such findings may appear to bolster amodal conceptual theories, suggesting distinctive mechanisms for processing concrete and abstract concepts, the shallow recognition protocols (e.g., lexical discrimination tasks) used in many such tasks fail to account for the contextual relativity inherent to abstract knowledge.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com