The 36 hours wasted in obeying this long-distance instruction cost Rommel his chance of making a stand at Fūka: when he resumed his retreat, he had to race much farther back to escape successive British attempts to intercept him on the coast road by scythelike sweeps from the south.
The results indicate both a significant reduction in distress for the eye movement condition as well as a significant reduction in the vividness of the memory after the eye movements were combined with distancing instructions.
The authors conclude that the mechanism of change in EMDR is not the same as in traditional exposure experiments and point out the potential interest of distancing instructions as part of the EMDR protocol.
Given these unique dynamics, cross-cultural issues must be addressed to provide quality and relevant instruction, as distance education increasingly moves to an international scale (Rhema & Miliszewska, 2010).
A meta-analysis of studies comparing distance education tools with classroom instruction showed wide variability and almost no effect size [ 8].
Although students appreciate the convenience of time and place flexibility asynchronous communication affords in distance education, they prefer classroom instruction and face to face interaction with teachers and peers [ 2- 4].
Students acclimate to the instructional reality traditional, campus-based face-to-face instruction, or technology-mediated distance education—and once accustomed, it is the quality and effectiveness of instructor and instruction, not the technology, that is associated with satisfaction.
Eighty-five universtudentsdenrolledolled in a distance education library research course were randomly assigned to a situated learning condition or a control/traditional instruction group.
Thus, a trace of distance education's and composition studies' parallel narratives demonstrates that writing studies has already addressed some of the questions (and concerns) that online writing instruction raises.
Operas and concerts are being projected live in movie theaters; music has been written for cellphone ringers and laptops; concert audiences are seeing more and more multimedia presentations; orchestras use text messages to stay in touch with audiences; long-distance musical instruction through high speed Internet2 is common; YouTube videos are used for auditions.
