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This, however, is less likely to be the case for more distal life events and for childhood exposures.
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Political regime has been used as a distal determinant of life expectancy at the country level [ 7, 8].
Patients had reduced sensation with stocking-glove distribution in the distal limbs in later life.
Facing this combination of proximal and distal risk factors, a life-course perspective including risk factors originating from the early-life environment [ 4], is potentially indicated.
Diabetic neuropathy is associated with profound loss of distal limb sensation and/or pain, causing significant decline in the quality of life and potential morbidity and mortality for patients.
This will lead to a positive influence on the proximal outcome of hope and the distal outcome of quality of life.
Third, it is an error to include proximate consequences such as a moral life or more distal outcomes such as better physical or mental health in the definition as this renders tautological research into consequences.
More specifically, we hypothesized that administration of the Living with Hope Program would improve self-efficacy and decrease feelings of loss and grief, leading to a positive influence on the proximal outcome of hope and the distal outcome of quality of life.
In this contribution we set out to address these two shortcomings of current research on determinants of stressful work by linking proximal (i.e. early life adversity) with distal (i.e. national policies) factors within a conceptual framework and to provide an empirical test of these links.
We hypothesized that reconstructive methods with antireflux procedures at operation should prevent reflux esophagitis and improve the likelihood of a better quality of life in patients after distal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.
Studies addressing quality of life in individuals following distal radius fracture are few.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com