When the long axis of the fish intersected the snake's head distal to the eye (e.g., Movie S2, clips 20 and 23), the strike seemed less likely to be predictive (i.e. was more often closer to or overlapping the original position of the fish at strike initiation).
The ophthalmic branch defasciculation was assessed by counting the number of branches that emerged from the branch point of the nasociliary nerve distal to the eye.
After 1 day dilation of the luminal diameters of most distal segments was eye-catching (Fig. 1b).
Periorbital thresholds (grams) were determined by applying the von Frey monofilaments to the periorbital region on the right and left side of the face over the rostral portion of the eye and distal from the suture site for five stimulations.
A silver wire bite bar provided head support and acted as a ground, and a needle reference electrode (Ambu® Neuroline) was inserted approximately 5 mm from the base of contralateral eye, sufficiently distal to exclude signal interference.
Axon cultures were prepared as described (Campbell and Holt, 2001) by separating distal axons from the eye and removing eyes/loose cells.
In the eye, the distal tips (10%) of all photoreceptor outer segments (POS) are shed on a daily basis.
Axon-only cultures were prepared as described (Campbell and Holt, 2001 ) by separating distal axons from the eye and removing eyes/loose cells.
To control diabetes and reduce the risk of developing complications, it is essential to optimise physiological values such as glycaemic levels and blood pressure and to perform regular examinations for nephropathy (albumin excretion, serum creatine), retinopathy (eye), neuropathy (distal symmetric polyneuropathy), and foot disease.
A particularly large number of CTB-labeled axons were observed in the optic nerve distal to the crush site in eyes that received BMD treatment.
