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Nonetheless, ILs that have undergone cellulose regeneration are composed of not only dissolved IL and the anti-solvent but also contain soluble biomass compounds (e.g., lignin, soluble carbohydrates with low molecular weight, degradation products, extractives and others) that were not precipitated in the regeneration step.
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Thus, it is important to select suitable solvents to dissolve ILs.
However native bagasse lignin dissolved in IL is likely to have different properties to lignin extracted with aqueous NaOH and then dissolved in IL.
The overall lignin recovery from solid stream is 21.6%, indicating a large amount of lignin has dissolved in IL upon pretreatment and requires further separation.
These sugars were dissolved in an IL-H2O mixture (2 g IL + 1.5 g H2O) in a 15 mL centrifuge tube.
After desolvation, the residues were reacted with at least a 2 1 excess of the trimethylsilyl donor MSTFA (including 1% TMCS as catalyst; Pierce, Rockford IL), dissolved in pyridine.
Among these four pretreatments, the cellulose sample with the lowest CrI was produced during the regeneration process from the dissolved state in IL, most likely because the strong hydrogen bonding network of crystalline cellulose was destroyed by the ionic liquid.
The treated mixture (partially dissolved bagasse in IL) was then diluted with DMSO and the undissolved and the dissolved-then-precipitated (with water) solid fractions were recovered, dried and weighed as described in previous work by the authors [ 10].
Two µl of 645 µM of ICG (Akorn, Inc., Buffalo Grove, IL) dissolved in mixture of distilled water and 0.9% sodium chloride in a volume ratio of 1 9 and was injected intradermally into the dorsal hindpaw using 34 gauge needle (Nanofil, World Precision Instruments , Inc Sarasota, FL).
To compare the pharmacokinetics of the fusion protein with that of IL-1ra, 7.4 MBq of radiolabeled IL-1ra (I- IL-1ra), dissolved in 50 μl PBS (pH7.4), was intravenously injected into 40 mice with CIA and 40 health control mice, randomly divided into eight groups.
The neutropenic agent cyclophosphamide was purchased in powdered form from Baxter (Deerfield, IL) and dissolved in sterile 0.9% sodium chloride injection solution (Hospira, Inc., Lake Forest, IL) to a final concentration of 10 mg/ml.
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