The final stage of the research will consist of a dissemination phase, during which the research team will communicate the findings of the research widely to stakeholders.
The first phase (T1) includes discovery and replication of findings, the second (T2) evaluates new tests for validity and utility, the third phase (T3) evaluates best approaches for diffusion and dissemination of tests, and the final phase of translation from bench to bedside (T4) involves research addressing population impact, effectiveness, and economic aspects (Khoury et al. 2007).
In 2009, the English Department of Health launched their 'Be Active Be Healthy' policy which included the phased dissemination of Let's Get Moving[ 3].
The American Organization of Nurse Executive's (AONE) second phase of dissemination of the Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB) initiative has been adopted as part of our long-term goals to design patient care delivery models of the future and transform the culture of how nurses care for patients.
However, because of the largesse of the bulk water phase the dissemination of protons from the surface of the cell would quickly eliminate the pH gradient across the cell envelope, and hence, the PMF and the energy it provides for driving efflux pumps would be eliminated [18].
Moreover, during the hematogenous phase of dissemination of primary TB, any and every tissue and organ in the body is liable to seeding by mycobacteria and consequent pathological changes.
These types of strains, which has been referred to as "superbugs", were isolated in Japan ("H041"), France ("F89") and Spain ("F89") from 2009 to 2011 [ 7, 14, 15], which might represent the initial phase of dissemination of gonococcal strains with high-level CRO resistance.
Diers [ 22] extends this definition to include writing – the vital dissemination phase of generating knowledge.
If any invading virus should overcome these mucosal immune effector mechanisms, then the vaccine-elicited systemic immune responses provide a final opportunity to eliminate HIV infection during the dissemination phase of infection.
Infection of the host by Toxoplasma gondii leads to an acute systemic dissemination of tachyzoites, followed by a chronic phase, in which bradyzoites, enclosed in cysts, persist in the brain, the heart, and other tissues.
