These alterations may facilitate in vivo dissemination / migration of the tubercle bacilli from the pulmonary infectious foci to other organs, as has been speculated to occur in the infected host [ 30, 31].
The role of birds in arbovirus overwintering and dissemination during migration has been suggested but is poorly understood.
Some of the hallmark changes that facilitate epithelial cell dissemination and migration during cancer progression are downregulation of both cadherin-based cell cell and cell matrix adhesions.
Besides anoikis resistance, a motility behavior of cancer cells was also recognized as a critical factor for success in metastasis as the early step of cancer dissemination involves cell migration and intravasation into blood or lymphatic systems [ 3].
CellMissy is intended to facilitate local storage and analysis of acquired data, but it also provides the basic infrastructure for improved annotation, standardization and dissemination in the migration field, ultimately enabling re-analyses and meta-analyses to take place.
The proto-oncogene Met, also known as the scatter factor, has been shown particularly important in morphogenic differentiation and organisation of three-dimensional tubular structures as well as in cell growth and loss of cellular adhesion causing migration (dissemination) of cells (Boccaccio and Comoglio, 2006).
The direct visualization of the pathways involved in actin polymerization, invasion and directed migration in dissemination competent tumor cells will help identify the molecular basis of dissemination and allow the design and testing of more specific and selective drugs to block metastasis.
Analogous to solid malignancies, STS consist of both tumor and tumor-associated normal cells; STS growth, migration, and dissemination depend on cross-talk between these two compartments.
Adaptation of HIV-1 involves migration and dissemination throughout the host, escape from adaptive and innate immune responses, and from antiretroviral drug pressure [6].
Furthermore, p73-deficient thymocytes exhibit altered mRNA levels of chemokine receptors such as CCR4, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, and CXCR3, which have been implicated in governing lymphocyte migration and dissemination [25].
Likewise, p73-deficient thymocytes contained altered mRNA levels of LFA-1 (integrin beta 2) and chemokine receptors CCR4, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9 and CXCR5 (Fig. 5B), which have been implicated in lymphocyte migration and dissemination [25].
