Although the influx of antibiotic-resistant pathogens into the hospital would not change, early detection would reduce the time colonised patients might have to disseminate pathogens.
During the rainy season, it is anticipated that large volumes of run-off water would collect, dilute and disseminate pathogens from point sources (e.g. animal feces containing high concentrations), but resulting in concentrations close to or below the level of sensitivity of our method of detection of EcO157.
High similarities of the results indicate rapid spread of carbapenem resistance between strains, including globally disseminated pathogens.
Among globally disseminated pathogens, HGT facilitates combination of the most effective antibiotic resistance genes from diverse geographies into multidrug resistance plasmids that spread between strains.
In Chapter 7, violent conflict and war are shown to be disease amplifiers through examination of the mechanisms by which interstate and intrastate conflict contributes to disseminating existing pathogens and to emerging novel microorganisms.
However, after the anthrax attacks of 2001, biologic terrorism vulnerability assessments have determined that intentional food poisoning is a plausible means to widely disseminate pathogens, with potentially devastating effect (6).
Rain and wind play important roles in disseminating the pathogen (Bhat et al. 2010; Shila et al. 2013).
Another scenario can nevertheless be considered: if birds coming from northern areas disseminate a pathogen all along their migration route, then this pathogen would also infect continental European species and the probability of its being introduced into the Mediterranean wetlands would depend on the arrival of both Arctic and continental birds.
Once it moves into the bloodstream to disseminate, the pathogen would presumably become susceptible to antibodies.
Yersinia enterocolitica is a globally disseminated gastrointestinal pathogen which is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, through ingestion of contaminated food or water [ 1].
