The Investigation of Stent Grafts in Aortic Dissection (INSTEAD) trial was a prospective, randomized trial that included patients in the subacute and chronic phases (2 weeks–1 year) and compared combined TEVAR and optimal medical therapy (OMT+TEVAR) with OMT alone.
Ten of these patients underwent a trial dissection, but only three patients had a resectable tumour.
Many other patients undergo a trial dissection before a palliative surgical procedure is carried out.
Some of these patients were found at laparoscopic ultrasound to have tumour close to the vessels and were given the chance of a trial dissection.
Hence, pancreas preservation was adopted as standard procedure in D2 dissection in the present trial.
The dissections, during the Garden trial, of encounters such as the moment of Thomas's allegedly amorous attempted kiss, and of his subsequent comment — "What?
The aim is to assess its efficacy and safety compared with traditional dissection in a prospective randomized trial of total thyroidectomy procedures.
SEND (Selective Elective Neck Dissection) is a Cancer Research UK funded trial measuring the benefit of selective neck dissection versus active monitoring in early stage oral cancer.
Melanoma cells detected in cervical sentinel nodes derived from tumors on the shoulder or trunk are considered as regional metastases and therefore, outside a clinical trial, completion neck dissection is advised.
According to the results of the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z-0011 trial, further axillary dissection is unnecessary for patients with only one or two positive SNs who have undergone partial mastectomy with radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy (Giuliano et al, 2010).
In the absence of good data comparing clinical outcomes between axillary radiotherapy and complete axillary lymph node dissection, entry into appropriate clinical trials (such as AMAROS (after mapping of the axilla: radiotherapy or surgery), a randomised controlled trial) is recommended for patients with early breast cancer when sentinel lymph node biopsy shows metastasis in the axilla.
