In burned patients, the risk of infection is increased by disruption of skin barrier.
Several factors predispose the child with cancer to sepsis [40, 41]: the chemotherapy regimens responsible for prolonged periods of marrow aplasia and disruption of skin and mucosal barriers, the type of tumor (hematological malignancies having a greater risk than solid tumors), the stage of the disease, neutropenia, as well as the presence of comorbidities and indwelling catheters.
Moreover, neuropeptides and mast cell-released mediators can act on other neighboring target cells, including keratinocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils and fibroblasts, leading to the disruption of skin homeostasis, with abnormal skin growth, differentiation, and/or immunomodulation (Shim et al., 2007; Trevisani et al., 2007; Wilson et al., 2013b; Patricio et al., 2015).
The doctor explained, "Disruption of skin's 'normal' bacteria can lead to bouts of skin irritation.
As the broad aims of ICU management are to maintain homeostasis, disruption of skin function results in specific management problems.
These results are consistent with previous observations that Bd pathogenicity occurs via disruption of skin integrity and water/ion imbalance (Rosenblum et al. 2012; Voyles et al. 2009).
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with skin barrier dysfunction, and acute disruption of the skin barrier results in epidermal DNA synthesis and cytokine production.
It has been suggested that barrier disruption of the skin by tape stripping activates keratinocytes and Langerhans cells, resulting in predominant Th2/Treg responses, whereas penetration into deeper skin layers ('deep epithelial trauma') imprints tissue-resident DCs to induce Th1 responses 44.
33 TEWL was measured to determine the level of disruption to skin barrier function following application of the plasters.
TEWL may increase due to disruption of the skin barrier (wounds, scratches, burns, exposure to solvents or surfactants, extreme dryness) and is affected by humidity, temperature, season and moisture content of the skin (hydration level) [42].
They include disruption of the skin's sensation, ability to prevent water loss through evaporation, and ability to control body temperature.
