According to the authors, Todd Kashdan and Patrick E. McKnight, psychologists at George Mason University, contrary to the stereotype of submissive wallflower, a subset of adults diagnosed with Social Anxiety Disorder are violent and aggressive, displaying "hostile interpersonal patterns".
According to the Rules of Engagement, this means that there must be a "reasonable certainty" that the person is displaying hostile intent, or is behaving in a hostile manner, before soldiers may attack.
There were frequent stories of hospital staff displaying hostile attitudes to patients.
"This organized mob has displayed hostile, violent, and deliberately disruptive behavior, which is unfair to constituents as it hijacks town hall meetings to prevent any type of meaningful discussion," the state party said.
Generally, soldiers in Iraq are trained to use force against what are known as "conduct-based targets": people who act in a hostile manner or display hostile intent.
In a long article that I wrote for The New Yorker in 2009, titled "The Kill Company," I described them as: People who act in a hostile manner or display hostile intent.
It was not the first time, she added, that Ms. Roth had "displayed this hostile behavior".
The women displayed a hostile attitude, one US official said, which was "not overly surprising considering that we had killed their husband or father".
In one case, the report said, the bureau investigated -- and determined to be unsubstantiated -- a complaint that an F.B.I. agent had "displayed aggressive, hostile and demeaning behavior while administering a pre-employment polygraph examination".
For example, Bell-Dolan [ 4] presented 9- to 11-year-old children who were high or low on trait anxiety, with a series of videotaped peer-interaction scenarios displaying peer behaviour that was either hostile, non-hostile, or ambiguous.
Low-hostiles displayed decreased heart rate following the cold-pressor, whereas high-hostiles displayed increased heart rate following the stressor.
