This isn't about Trump, even though he thinks details about Isis leadership are "gotcha" questions, even though there's evidence "Veterans for Trump" are anything but, even though for every display of foreign policy sense (opposing the invasion of Iraq) he seems to have twice as many displays of pure idiocy (we should've invaded Mexico instead; we can defeat Isis by enlisting ExxonMobil).
Live bacterial vaccine delivery vehicles are being developed through the surface display of foreign antigens on the bacterial surfaces.
Viruses-like particles (VLPs) are frequently being used as platforms for polyvalent display of foreign epitopes of interest on their capsid surface to improve their presentation enhancing the antigenicity and host immune response.
The display of foreign polypeptides and proteins on the surface of viruses or cells provides an important tool for the engineering of biomolecules and the analysis of their interactions with binding partners [1] [3].
Different systems have been described for display of foreign proteins on the cell surface of bacteria.
It was demonstrated that the SLH motifs of SpaA are sufficient for in vivo cell surface display of foreign proteins at the cell surface of P. alvei.
Surface display of foreign antigens, for example, the Tat protein, in the virosomal formulations would allow the generation of Tat-specific antibodies as well as the induction of cellular immunity.
Both full-length INP and a truncated variant lacking the central domain are able to facilitate the surface display of foreign proteins, indicating that the non-repetitive domains are required for targeting and anchoring to the cell surface.
This is in agreement with other recent studies using INP for the surface display of foreign proteins in E. coli (Lee et al. 2000; Li et al. 2004; Wu et al. 2006b).
Further, immobilization of recombinant S-layer proteins combined with the display of foreign molecules in the S-layer forms the basis for the development of different solid-phase reagents, such as biocatalysts, diagnostic devices, biosensors and biosorbents, where the typical positive charge of the cell wall-binding domain of Lactobacillus S-layer proteins could augment the immobilization.
All of these have been used for display of foreign peptides or proteins on the phage surface, though most commonly the minor coat protein (pIII) present in 3 to 5 copies, or the major coat protein (pVIII) present in approximately 3000 copies per phage particle, is used.
