At node 3971, corresponding to the anterior zygomatic arch, a maximum positive Z-displacement (upward displacement) of 1.72 mm was seen.
Positive values of BS indicated that the location of acromion was displaced upward along the backrest, whereas negative values indicated downward displacements from the initial position.
Yang et al. (2015) also used a three-dimensional LBM to simulate the pore-scale scCO2-oil miscible displacement in upward vertical displacements.
Herein, u z and u r are positive when the displacements are upward and outward from the vent, respectively.
At the cell edge, Z-direction displacements are upward with Uz > 0 (Fig. 5h), and Uxy is large (Fig. 5e).
The upward displacement of acromion and forward displacement of greater trochanter, in consequence, could be found, as shown in Figure 2. Furthermore, there was more significant forward displacements of the greater trochanter than acromion in upward direction.
In contrast to analogous horizontal pointing movements [14], the velocity profiles of vertical movements are asymmetric: though they share the same duration, upward displacement has a shorter acceleration phase than that of downward displacement [15].
In case of fixed end restraints and under the same change in moisture content of the soil, the maximum upward displacement of PVC pipes was found to be about four times the displacement of steel pipes.
In the winter the freezing of ground moisture produces upward displacement of the ground (frost heaving), and in the summer excessive moisture in the ground brought in during the freezing operation causes loss of bearing strength.
A successful displacement over 12 upward steps, corresponding to 120.67 ± 0.08 μm distance, has been achieved.
