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Dowel displacements perpendicular to the initial loading direction, i.e., nonlinear displacement paths of the dowel, were related to the anisotropic stiffness of wood and densification effects close to the dowel.
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As a novel issue, in addition to the stress dependence, the displacement path of the dowel depending on the load-to-grain angle, is discussed.
Based on viscoelastic numerical results and predictions of a large experimental campaign of lateral torsional buckling tests performed on PVB and SG beams, the paper investigates the accuracy of existing analytical models in the prediction of the elastic critical load and load-lateral displacement path of these elements.
Thus, additional experimental tests are needed to be performed by imposing displacement paths representative of the displacements actually imposed by earthquakes.
Saatcioglou and Ozcebe (1989) reported on the use of elliptical displacement paths with increasing ellipse amplitude, for which the force-displacement curves show an even more rounded shape characteristic of the phase lag between the resultant force and the imposed displacement vector.
The presented displacement paths cannot be considered as representative of an earthquake displacement path; however, the intention of calibrating numerical models imposes the definition of simplified displacement paths with smooth increase of the peak displacements and with the repetition of each displacement level in order to capture the strength and stiffness degradation along the tests.
This phenomenon is associated with the type of displacement path similar to L6 in Figure 7.
In the studies of Li et al. (1988) and of Kawashima et al. (2006), based on the displacement path with the eight shape, a characteristic drop of the restoring force at zero displacement was observed.
The generalized displacement control (GDC) method is modified to solve for the postbuckling paths of the trusses.
The GBT-based results provide the evolution, along given equilibrium paths, of the beam deformed configuration (expressed in modal terms), relevant displacement profiles and modal participation diagrams.
Nov. 7: "Paths of Glory".
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