Open image in new window Fig. 4 Maximum stress of a pipeline under the effects of different landslide displacements Open image in new window Fig. 5 Maximum strain of a pipeline under the effects of different landslide displacements.
Open image in new window Fig. 9 A classification of the disc displacements Open image in new window Fig. 10 A classification of the focal disc displacements (herniations) Open image in new window Fig. 11 Diffuse displacement of the disc material: bulging and annular folding.
Open image in new window Fig. 3 Stresses in springs due to elements' relative displacement Open image in new window Fig. 4 Constitutive models for concrete and reinforcing bars.
Open image in new window Fig. 2 A 2-mm displaced ulnar styloid fracture that is reduced with reduction if the distal radius Open image in new window Fig. 3 An ulnar styloid base fracture with more than 2-mm initial displacement Open image in new window Fig. 4 A fracture of the tip of the ulnar styloid with a stable DRU joint.
Exclusion criteria were open physes, multiple trauma, pathologic fractures, greater than 50%% tibial shaft displacement, open or segmental fractures, compartment syndrome, neurovascular injury, gunshot wounds, inability to have surgery secondary to existing medical problems, inability to follow-up, and unwillingness to enter the study.
Constant oil and water viscosities during the displacement Open image in new window Fig. 1 A circular reservoir with a well located in the center Open image in new window Fig. 2 Radial flow reservoir system: a plan view, b lateral view.
This corresponds to the structural change, where the 1* toehold on the single-stranded initiator hybridizes with the exposed 1 toehold on the hairpin, beginning a strand displacement that opens the hairpin and exposes the two initially hidden toeholds 2* and 4*.
In the present work, improved version of LEFM formulas for stress intensity factor, crack mouth opening displacement and crack opening displacement profile presented in the recent research work are incorporated.
By using a dielectric crack model with deformation-dependent electric boundary condition, numerical simulations are made to show the effects of the dielectric medium, the gradient of material properties and the speed of crack propagation on the fracture parameters, such as the stress, electric displacement and crack opening displacement intensity factors.
A statistically significant difference between groups was seen only for separation (p = 0.028); p values of displacement and opening angle were 0.354 and 0.099, respectively.
