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It was found that at a given level of excitation, an optimum value of mass ratio, tuning frequency ratio and damper slip force exist at which the peak displacement of primary structure attains its minimum value.
In addition, this system allowed for a reduction in CO2 emissions amounting to 16.0 tonnes over a life-time of 20 years due to the reduction in electrical power drawn from the grid and gas taken from the mains for water heating, and a 14-tonne corresponding displacement of primary fossil-fuel consumption.
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In this work, the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to simulate the fluid displacement processes of primary drainage and imbibition in a randomly generated heterogeneous porous medium.
Mean base shear, mean percentage drift ratio and displacement of the primary structure are recorded in similar fashion to linear base case.
Under the interaction of short-wavelength track excitations, the acceleration generated on the wheelset is very high, while the displacement of the primary spring is very small and can be ignorable.
Further, the optimum values of the parameters mentioned in these tables are used to depict the comparison of displacement time history of primary structure without TMFD and with TMFD for the Imperial Valley (1940), Landers (1992) and Kobe (1995) earthquake, respectively, in Fig. 14.
The accelerations on the axle box, the displacements of the primary suspension, and the wheel rail forces are generated from this model.
The goal of this test was to identify the H force and the wheel vertical forces Q i using this indirect method, by measuring the accelerations on the axle box and the displacements of the primary suspension.
The unknown forces H and Q i can then be obtained from inertial forces and suspension forces, which can be determined by measuring the accelerations on the axle box and the relative displacements of the primary suspension.
The unknown wheelset lateral force and wheel rail contact forces can then be calculated from the inertial forces and suspension forces, which are obtained by measuring the accelerations on the axle box and the relative displacements of the primary suspension.
Yet, the number of primary displacement variables is only five, same as its smeared counterpart.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com