Displacement of charge in an oscillating qubit indispensably results in moving charges in metal.
The observed variation in dielectric constant with indium concentration could be explained by local displacement of charge carriers in presence of applied electric field and variation of resistivity.
When there is no external power source( E ( t ) =0), the displacement of charges, specified with a certain initial condition, gradually disappears as time goes by like a classical state.
As a result, the average displacement of charge carriers decreases with increasing frequency, and the electrical conductivity behaves in accordance with the law σ ac ~f 0.8 after reaching a certain critical frequency f c.
If there is no power source in the circuit, the displacement of charge, specified with an initial condition, may gradually disappear according to its dissipation induced by resistances in the circuit.
In order to develop electrokinetic diagnostic tools for probing droplet-hydrogel interfaces, the displacement of a charged droplet embedded in a polyelectrolyte hydrogel exposed to an oscillating electric field is determined theoretically.
Most probably, the electric field repulsed negatively charged protein segments from the surface and caused alteration of the charge distribution in the protein introduced by shifts in the acid base equilibrium toward the ionized forms, the hydrogen bonds polarization, alignment of the molecular dipoles, and displacement of the charged residues.
However, H+ displacement through the protein dielectric is only one of several alternative sources of charge displacement such as tilting of helices or movement of charged residues during the transport reaction.
Present results show that the method can be used to track time- and voltage-dependent changes in RF charge displacement associated with membrane-bound ion-channel state/conformation and electrostatic binding of charged compounds.
(a) First, interaction of a positively charged WLM domain with DNA may induce conformational changes facilitating displacement of the negatively charged C-terminal peptide with an inhibitory cysteine from the active site.
