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Instead, it gives the history of the vibration displacement directly and then the vibration amplitudes, frequencies, and initial phases can be estimated.
The stiffness and displacement of this stage are predicated by these equations, which are compared to the stiffness and displacement directly obtained from the finite element modeling and actual testing of the same micro-positioning stage.
Compared with RFA, comprehensive relative displacement directly reflects changes in micromotion of the implant.
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The numerical solutions of the hypersingular integral equations provide not only crack opening and sliding displacements directly but also the stress intensity factors and energy release rates.
In order to circumvent this shortcoming, this study presents a solution method based on the Hadamard-type singular integral equations to obtain the crack opening and sliding displacements directly while enforcing the appropriate conditions to prevent interpenetration.
The TLS 3D model was merged with the GB-InSAR data obtaining a 3D GB-InSAR cumulative displacement map, which allowed to read detected LOS displacements directly on the observed scenario 3D representation, and therefore both to better localize the most critical areas, and compare the different techniques displacement data (Fig. 10).
Although this approach requires FEM calculations to determine the full three-dimensional traction fields, it provides high temporal resolution by scanning only the surface displacements directly underneath the cell.
Although the Boussinesq solution provides an approach to determine surface traction forces from measured displacements directly, it is also dependent on the assumption of a semi-infinite elastic half-space or an elastic substrate of infinite thickness.
Yield displacement is directly obtained from measurements.
Three capacitive displacement sensors directly measure the surface tracking motion.
The closeness of displacement contours directly over the notch indicates localization.
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