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Next, 0.3 PV of oil displacement agents was injected.
It often serves as chemical oil displacement agents in the surfactant polymer flooding or alkali surfactant polymer flooding.
It is already showed that amino surfactants could be used as oil displacement agents, but different crude oil needed different surfactant formations.
In this study, we prepared hexadecylbenzene sulfonate by using hexadecyl linear internal olefin and benzene, sulfonating, neutralization, then combined with petroleum sulfonate used as oil displacement agents without using alkali.
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However, using the LC auto-injection system, 'pulsed' (i.e., non-continuous) additions of adsorbate (or displacement agent) are made onto adsorbent-packed columns, and non-adsorbed (or displaced) ligands are monitored in multiple optical chromatographic detection channels.
The oil displacement agent was hydrophobic modified polyacrylamide (HMPAM).
Petroleum sulfonate is a widely available, inexpensive oil displacement agent.
After the oil displacement agent flooding, water was injected until water cut was more than 98%%.
Erucic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid with a C22 hydrophobic chain, is an ideal material to synthesize the oil displacement agent.
Due to extreme heterogeneity and fractured structure, crestal steam injection that uses steam as heating, rather than a displacement agent, was proposed.
Effectiveness is judged by the concentration range over which the displacement agent is active, and the degree of desorbate enrichment (roll-up) obtained.
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