The trait under selection is the dispersal probability of juveniles, and there is a survival cost c of dispersal: the survival probability of dispersed juveniles is (1 - c) times that of philopatric ones.
With regard to dispersal, the proportion of animal- and self-dispersed individuals, but not species, varied along the gradient.
Despite its wide dispersal, the Russian language is homogeneous throughout Russia.
To take advantage of land bridges to explain their dispersal, the first land animals would have to have evolved millions of years before the Cambrian.
Not only is Kaninjaku the Indigenous take on what happened after Canning began carving his track (the violence, displacement and dispersal, the interconnection of different tribes of desert people, the social, spiritual and cultural upheaval, and the dawning of arts communities across the desert).
Cleversafe proposes that after dispersal, the data goes back into Hadoop for analysis.
For modelling of gas (SO2) dispersal, the boundary layer pollution model AERMOD (Cimorelli et al, 2005) was used.
We found that, with realistic combinations of refuge size and pest dispersal, the development of resistance could be considerably delayed.
In terms of dispersal the exposure to 22°C results to be the most appropriate temperature when compared with 4 and 37°C.
One of the first assessments of rapid, long-distance dispersal, the effort reinforces that plant communities can recover from devastating events.
The spatially explicit model is grid-based and uses a spatially implemented 'state-and-transition' approach, with fire spread and seed dispersal the main spatial processes considered.
