Since these species typically are limited by a poor ability of dispersal, one possible but largely unexplored strategy for conservation is to disperse lichen material artificially into suitable habitats.
Dispersal, one of the key life-history features of a species, influences gene flow and, consequently, the genetic structuring of populations.
It could also reflect a process of dereliction, desertion, and dispersal; one that affects, beyond the vote, the idea that the French hold of themselves, an idea that suddenly appears phantasmagoric.
Two models involved a single dispersal — one involved a route northward, up the Nile River valley and then eastward across the northern end of the Arabian Peninsula into Asia; the other involved a "beachcomber" route along the southern coast of the Arabian Peninsula into Asia.
Futhermore, we did not consider explorations prior to dispersal "One way", as only one individual was observed making this prior dispersal movement.
For instance, 'Qx-097' is regarded as a cultivar with high pollen dispersal, one of the main reasons is that this cultivar has a very high degree of anther cracking during dehiscence.
The same scenario of long-distance dispersal on the one hand and clear spatial structuring on the other have also been recorded in other meiofaunal taxa; e.g., Nematoda [ 81], Nemertea [ 29, 82] and Rotifera [ 45].
In general, animal dispersed tree species seeds have longer dispersal distances than wind dispersed ones (Ribbens et al. 1994).
A single tribal murder is a huge dispersal multiplier: one dead, one thousand on the move.
Many taxa exhibit sex-biased dispersal, i.e., one sex shows a greater tendency to leave its natal area or to move further away than the other [Greenwood, 1980; Pusey, 1987].
