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maximum dispersal length.
We consider d l, the estimated maximum dispersal length, in order to determine the average number of connected patches 〈c〉.
The patches presented in green are connected because their neighboring distance is lower than the maximum dispersal length d l.
Patches are considered connected if their neighboring distance is equal to or smaller than d l, which is the maximum dispersal length.
The average patch size 〈s〉 for the shorebirds is not proportional to the average body mass m as possibly expected (Table 1), although the latter scales with the average dispersal length.
Similar(55)
Because branches of zero length produce infinite dispersal distance estimates (Phylomapper manual), the number of identical haplotypes was first reduced by sampling only a single individual from each site or cluster of sites.
Similarly, speciation became rare when the standard deviation of dispersal distance exceeded 22.5% of the length of the environmental gradient (Fig. 2a).
In addition, relatively small to moderate dispersal distance (standard deviation of dispersal distance < 22% of the length of the environmental gradient) of offspring was required for speciation.
Speciation occurred most frequently when dispersal distance was small (standard deviation of dispersal distance 5 15% of the length of the environmental gradient) and GE was intermediate (GE = 0.10 0.15).
Hence, within the above detailed parameter set, frequent speciation required that standard deviation of dispersal distance and diameter of the mating area do not exceed 22% of the length of the environmental gradient.
The fixed part of the model was given by: relative dispersal ∼ initial length + group + number released + group × initial length.
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