In all cases, a uniform random variable was used to select the angle of dispersal.
Another common name given to C. striatus, splash cups, alludes to the method of spore dispersal: the sides of the cup are angled such that falling drops of water can dislodge the peridioles and eject them from the cup.
However, CHF enhancement on a Teflon-coated nano/microstructured surface cannot be directly explained in terms of capillary wicking phenomena since the dispersal characteristics are absent with a very high contact angle.
Note that the even radial dispersal in Figure 6D and the even spread of azimuthal angles in Figure 6E show that capture of tilt series was randomized, and the data set has no bias towards a particular trajectory.
In both Wales (see Tinsley and McCoid 1996) and Lincolnshire, small-scale migration was recorded (e.g. between the Lodge Lane ditch and the angling pond), but there was no evidence of dispersal into apparently favourable ponds connected by drainage channels in adjacent farmland (Fig. 2).
Dispersal is defined as the distance (expressed as pixels or degrees of visual angle) in the POG reported by the eyetracker between samples; velocity and acceleration are differentials derived from the POG.
We tested the effect of dispersal modalities, i.e. the ratio of overland/in-stream dispersal, and two geometric parameters, bifurcation angle between branches and network complexity.
Here, the dispersal phenomena were confirmed on the oxidized silicon nano/microstructured surface via a surface characterization procedure (the measured contact angle being 0°), together with their beneficial effect on the CHF in this case.
The frequency of occurrence of species at each phenological variable within each angle was calculated and the following parameters were estimated for each study site: the mean angle a, the angular dispersal, confidence limits of the frequency distribution for each phenological variable, and vector r, a measure of concentration around the mean angle.
This is called dispersal.
