When one shines a very intense beam of light at a highly disordered material, such as a powdered chemical, the scattered photons can stimulate more photons to be emitted by the material in a similar way to how a laser works.
Both demineralized trabecular and compact lamellar bone display the same overall structural organization, namely the presence of ordered and disordered materials and the confinement of the canalicular network to the disordered material.
Young's moduli of the ordered and disordered materials were found to be indistinguishable.
Disordered materials show increase of the interdiffusion of the Ga and Al species, promoted by group III vacancy-assisted diffusion.
One should stress that, taking into account the presence of ordered and disordered materials, nine hierarchical levels for lamellar bones have been differentiated (Fig. 12; Reznikov et al. 2014b).
In addition, clays are often poorly characterized (disordered) materials.
To answer these questions and to quantify the collective nature of the motion in these NPs we look for stringlike collective motion, a characteristic mode of molecular displacement in strongly interacting disordered materials.
pH 11.3 and 80 °C yielded well defined, low structural disorder composite material surface.
Pseudoexfoliation is considered to be a systemic disorder, pseudoexfoliative material has been reported in lungs, skin, liver, heart, kidney, gallbladder, blood vessels, extra ocular muscles and meninges [ 6].
While numerous efforts have attempted to provide quantitative guidelines for the prevention of initial low back disorders during material handling tasks, none have appeared in the literature that address the issue of recurrent low back disorders due to materials handling when returning to the workplace.
