In addition, the study found that participants were more likely to report a feeling that they would become ill after reading a script that described an actor experiencing disgust, compared with a script in which the actor did not feel disgusted.
During social observation, the most prominent region with stronger connectivity during disgust compared to neutral faces was the ipsilateral right BA45.
During experience and imagination condition, a much wider network involving in particular somatosensory, motor, gustatory and 'limbic' regions were shown to be effectively more connected to the IFO during the disgust compared to the neutral condition (Table 1).
In Jabbi et al. [17], a region of the IFO was significantly more active during the vision and the experience of disgust compared to their neutral control conditions (p<0.005 vision of disgust – vision of neutral and p<0.005 taste of quinine – taste of neutral solution, Fig. 1a).
In the ROI associated with this activity, only the main effect of agent showed a trend (p = 0.1), corresponding to an increased response to human expressions of disgust compared to robot's expression of the same emotion (paired t-test p = 0.1).
To examine if this region is also recruited during the imagination of scenarios involving disgust (compared to those without emotional valence) we extracted the signal from this ROI in the imagination condition for the 12 participants that returned to be scanned during the imagination of emotional scripts (Fig. 1b; Traditional GLM results for all three modalities are specified in Table S1).
To our best knowledge, increased sensitivity in the recognition of disgust in subjects with ADHD has not been described earlier in the literature, but a relatively better recognition of disgust (compared to the recognition of other emotions) was indicated in children [ 11, 17] and adults with ADHD [ 19].
Performance data and physiological responses are shown in Table S3 in Supplement 1. Response latencies were prolonged in all participants to disgusting images compared with neutral images, as reflected by a significant main effect of valence (F1,48 = 7.64, p =.008); no main effects of valance were observed for accuracy or SCRs.
