If Px<1 then residue x is "disfavoured" at interaction sites; in all other cases we can say that residue x is neither over- nor under-represented in the interface region in the complexes.
But some events and actions that seem disfavoured at first sight may be a blessing for us.
EcoCas1 displayed a striking preference for a guanine at the +1 position for the disintegration reaction, with all three alternative nucleotides strongly disfavoured at this position, in good agreement with the prediction based on the repeat sequence.
In contrast, substitution at the ortho or disubstituted at meta and para positions was disfavoured, as both the 2″-nitro compound (7d) and 3″, 4″-dichloro substituted analogue (7b) displayed equally poor affinity for the σ1 receptor.
At the lower densities, large males were clearly favoured and small males disfavoured, however, at the high density, it was the more intermediate-sized males that incurred the greatest selective disadvantage while the success of small males had improved markedly.
In agreement with this finding, we observed little evidence for sequence discrimination at the −1 position for the disintegration reactions catalysed by either enzyme, with the exception that EcoCas1 disfavours cytosine at this position.
For EcoCas1 (B, C ), a cytosine at position −1 was disfavoured over all other possibilities, even when the residue equivalent to the 'incoming' nucleotide was also a cytosine (substrates 15, 16, 17, 18).
She initially turned down Rezanov's planned "Russian American Company"—a business venture that would run the empire along the lines of the East India Companies run by Britain, France and the Netherlands on the grounds that it would be monopolistic.Years later, long after Rezanov was gone and just as his business plans were finally beginning to flourish, the company fell into disfavour at court.
We and others (Burns et al., 2009) have speculated that effects of CpG/UpA frequencies on virus replication may indeed account for, at least in part, the attenuating effect of selecting disfavoured codon pairs in CPD mutant of poliovirus and other candidate attenuated vaccines.
Although side-chain substitutions were tolerated at this position (for example, Val in WNK3), truncations were likely disfavoured by the introduction of an undesirable C-terminal carboxy group, or by changes induced in the conformation of the peptide backbone.
It is also disfavoured by geography (less than a quarter of sub-Saharan Africans live within 100km of the coast).
