The job control scale consisted of two subscales: skill discretion (measured by 6 questions) and decision authority (measured by 3 questions).
Skill discretion, measured by six items such as "keep learning new things', "can develop skills", "job requires skills", "task variety", "repetitious", and "job requires creativity", and decision authority, measured by three items such as "have freedom to make decisions", "choose how to perform work", and "have a lot of say on the job".
Under applicable US GAAP and relevant voluntary standards, management has broad discretion to measure the loss at its known minimum value, most likely value, expected value, or quoted price (fair value).
The intensity of demand (8 items) and control (3 items regarding decision authority/5 items regarding skill discretion) were measured on a 4-point Likert sCronbachonbach's Alpha 0.74 and 0.78).
In revising its position, the agency said that it would be exercising "enforcement discretion" — a temporary measure.
They went on to say Obama's actions on Obamacare have proved he should not be granted additional discretion because "any measure depending on the president's enforcement will not be faithfully executed".
It is possible that two of the items (items #9 and #10) addressing women's perceptions of staff and clinic discretion may be measuring characteristics of this particular clinic, rather than of women's general perceptions, and may not be warranted in a stigma scale for wider use.
Furthermore, different items tap into very different aspects of the same concept so coverage of the dimensions differs a lot, e.g. the dimension "possibilities for development/skill discretion" can be measured by use of available skills, developing available skills, learning new skills, being creative or attending trainings.
Less management discretion over what is measured, and how it is measured and reported.
Potential improvements in external environmental accounting initiatives from Industry 4.0 could include: Better data quality – improved timeliness, accuracy, reliability and comparability of reported environmental accounting data Reduced opportunity for greenwash and brownwash Less management discretion over what is measured, and how it is measured and reported Higher credibility of data.
