If (Z,A) are discrete and the validation probability π i z = P ( ξ i = 1 | Z i, A i ) is estimated nonparametrically by the cell frequency, then by Theorem 1 and Corollary 2, β ̂ A 1 and β ̂ I 1 have same asymptotic normal distributions as long as Ê [ S β ( Y | X i ) | Z i, A i ] is a consistent estimator of E[S β (Y|X i )|Z i,A i ].
That being said each new agent is a discrete drug and validation studies will be needed to confirm their safety in dogs with cancer.
Because the JOQOL comprises multiple, discrete constructs, further validation of the JOQOL, especially by domain, is warranted before its practical application to clinical studies.
What will validation validate?
The 1950s and 1960s witnessed studies on validation of discrete-point language tests while the research shifted attention to communicative language tests during the 1970s (Clark 1975).
In the design and analysis of discrete event dynamic systems, the validation of their models is often addressed via simulation; this allows to analyse both the transient and the steady state behaviour of the modelled system.
While some researchers have started to consider the validity of their discrete choice experiments, the approaches used for such validation are not widely reported in the literature.
This paper analyzes parameter tuning and quantitative validation of a discrete-event model for egress dynamics from buildings, suitable for designing and testing evacuation control algorithms.
Validation efforts performed at discrete points in time, such as economic analysis, describe specific cases and require assumptions of generality.
Eight genes showing discrete expression patterns were selected for validation by QPCR analysis.
According to these results, we can assume that it is likely that predictions available at the GrapeMiRNA web site contain a discrete number of good candidates for validation.
