Sentence examples for discrete durations from inspiring English sources

8In principle, when discrete durations represent underlying latent continuous durations, the discrete observed durations should follow a c-log-log distribution; see Høgelund et al. (2010).

The first of these elements requires that the timing of events be modeled with a dynamic discrete duration design.

So, the hazard rate from a situation of non-retirement is given by: phi (t)=phi_{F}(t)+phi_P t) As pointed out by different authors (Narendranathan and Stewart 1993a, b; Sueyoshi 1995; Jenkins 1995) a discrete duration model can be regarded as a sequence of discrete choice models with cross-equation restrictions defined on the surviving population at each duration.

Denoting the multivariate discrete duration until returning to regular working hours or censoring as T1i and the subsequent duration of employment, T2i we calculate the individual contribution to the log-likelihood function as: ln L i = ln ∑ j = 1 j = J p e ¯ j 1, e ¯ j 2 ∏ t 1 = 1 T 1 i P D 1 t = d 1 | e ¯ j 1 1 - d 2 t 1 × ∏ t 1 = 1 T 2 i P D 2 t = d 2 | e ¯ j 2 (3).

As a way of evaluating how our own data would be interpreted if we were to reduce it to a discrete duration-based measurement, the mean pointing duration after which the arm reached an angle of −30 degrees (0.7 m past the target) was calculated.

Whether analyzed as a continuous variable by Cox proportional hazard modeling or divided into discrete time durations, the observed difference was statistically significant (P =.001).

The 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) technique has been applied to map local cerebral glucose utilization during NREMS in primates (Kennedy et al. 1982) and rodents (Ramm and Frost 1983), but this method requires a postinjection period of 45 min for the tracer to be cleared from circulation which confounds mapping of discrete, short-duration sleep stages in small animals.

Using a Portuguese matched employer employee longitudinal data set, we apply discrete-time duration models allowing for unobserved heterogeneity.

To estimate this discrete-time duration model, we construct a panel dataset such that the spell length of any given individual determines a vector of binary responses.

Time to modern contraceptive uptake was modelled using a discrete-time duration model.

Even in patients with short (less than 2 years) disease durations, discrete impairment of cognitive function may be observed in up to 60% of patients upon neuropsychological testing [ 10].