Hunter "discouraged challenges to his authority," according to the investigation.
All this not only gives sitting governors an electoral edge but also discourages challenges from rising stars in the opposition.
Mr. Suleiman, a stalwart of the Mubarak government, was tripped up by cumbersome rules it put in place to discourage challenges to Mr. Mubarak.
His father used murder on a mass scale as a political tool, to create the fear that discouraged challenges to his power.
But until recently, the FBI discouraged challenges to its numbers, insisting that they were carefully audited – and pointing out that the bureau, in any case, was required by law to publish them.
The appeals court upheld most of the welfare law's restrictions, but said that the prohibition on challenging existing law amounted to impermissible viewpoint discrimination because it "clearly seeks to discourage challenges to the status quo".
The federal appeals court in New York ruled last year that because the provision, first imposed on the agency in 1996, "clearly seeks to discourage challenges to the status quo," it amounted to "viewpoint discrimination" that the First Amendment makes impermissible.
In his 1999 opinion striking down the restriction, Judge Pierre N. Leval of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit found it an example of "viewpoint discrimination" that "clearly seeks to discourage challenges to the status quo".
Last year a federal appeals court in New York correctly struck down the provision because its attempt to "discourage challenges to the status quo" amounted to impermissible "viewpoint discrimination" by the government.
Writing for the majority, Justice Anthony Kennedy strongly seconded the reasoning used by a federal appeals court in New York two years ago when it struck down the provision on the grounds that its attempt to "discourage challenges to the status quo" amounted to impermissible viewpoint discrimination under the First Amendment.
