The panel of 100 scientists involved in the Chernobyl Forum reduced that uncertainty by reviewing all available data and discounting studies that were not sufficiently rigorous.
This level of selection is often seen in the first block in delay discounting studies with rats (Winstanley, Dalley, Theobald, & Robbins, 2003).
In addition, he discounted studies that looked only at overall spending, rather than how much money goes to specific areas, like class size or teacher training.
But they discounted studies suggesting that reducing sugar consumption could help with coronary heart disease, while overstating the evidence blaming saturated fats.
We discounted studies where there was publication bias, and applied random-effects models to allow for between-study heterogeneity.
Conrad and Becker (2011) proposed that industry be allowed to continue to influence research, although they would discount studies for which a sponsor owns the results.
As such, they do not meet the conventional methodologic threshold for "high-quality evidence" generally used by global normative bodies such as WHO for developing program guidance (which, in its evidence reviews, often discounts studies lacking concurrent comparison arms).
k is used here as it is the conventional dependent measure of choice in delay discounting studies.
The OFC lesions were very similar in size and placement to those described for the previous spatial T-maze delay-discounting study, having been generated using the same lesion coordinates and injection volumes (Rudebeck et al., 2006).
The difference between study findings may in part reflect divergent approaches to measuring discounting across studies.
This suggests that this new task could be used in delay discounting fMRI studies to allow researchers to more easily compare their results to a majority of previous research while minimizing scanning duration.
