Sentence examples for discount coefficient from inspiring English sources
In Table 2, wholesale discount coefficient d kr is determined supposing equal bargaining power for SC members (i.e., α = 0.5).
The maximum and minimum values of wholesale discount coefficient d kr are obtained so that both the retailer and supplier benefit from increased profit of SC.
In DTO-MROD, the discount coefficient η of formula (13) is set as 0.7, and the threshold values of RIE, delay, and energy take 1, 110 ns, 0.1 J respectively.
The second group of experiments is used to compare the performance metrics of cellular downlink throughput, average delay, and network connectivity ratio of DTO-MROD under several typical values of discount coefficient η and RIE threshold.
The addition of the discount coefficient that adjusts the future changes of the present money value in the objective function was implemented in two hypothetical cases For comparison, different economic parameters were used to perform a cost evaluation test in terms of present money values.
The value of discount coefficient (i.e., η in Figs. 10, 11, and 12) equaling 0.3 means the relaying distance of WiFi links between the receiving UEs and its relay is relatively short, while η equaling 1.0 means this distance is relatively long.
Detection of abnormal behaviour is based on a prediction/observation process and the influence of the faulty sources is discarded by discounting coefficients.
Temporal discounting coefficients and other arbitrary parameters (for example the n and m in Equation 1) are characteristic of reinforcement learning models, which undermines their normative status.
The EU-ETS mechanism suffers from a high level of uncertainty due to being subject to a large number of opinions and interested parties (states, lawmakers, lobbyists, etc).. Therefore, we can assume that until 2020, no meaningful change is expected in EUA costs, so the coefficient discount rate (r t - discount rate) in these years will be zero.
When estimating life-expectancy, the estimates used for cardiopulmonary exposure-response coefficient, discount rate, and plausibility require careful assessment, while complicated lag estimates can be omitted without this having any major effect on the results.
The rule states that altruism can evolve in a population if the fitness cost to the donor is less than the fitness benefit to the recipient, discounted by a "coefficient of relatedness" between the two (1/2 for parent-offspring or between full siblings, 1/4 for nephews and nieces, 1/8 for first cousins, and so on).
