Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(5)
Others have highlighted the different notions of informed consent such as the moral and legal dimensions of consent which have the potential to impact on the quality and practice of informed consent, including information disclosure, understanding and shared decision making [ 63].
An ethically valid informed consent has four key components [ 17]: disclosure, understanding, voluntariness, and competence.
To be valid, informed consent must include disclosure, understanding, voluntariness and competence [ 2].
The elements of adequate informed consent include disclosure, understanding, decision-making capacity, and voluntary participation [ 1].
The ethically valid process of informed consent includes indeed five elements: voluntarism, capacity, disclosure, understanding, and decision [ 6].
Similar(55)
The assessor evaluates capacity in terms of four abilities relating to the disclosures: understanding, appreciation, reasoning and expressing a choice.
The findings have implications for understanding disclosure of other chronic illnesses in the employment context particularly concealable illnesses including: HIV/Aids, cancer, epilepsy, diabetes and chronic pain.
Despite community norms, several studies remind us that individual factors not addressed by the present study remain important for understanding disclosure behaviors.
Research shows that more detailed disclosures enhance analysts' understanding and impact investors' decision making.
This article discusses the total impact of migraine, communication strategies designed to promote greater disclosure and understanding of the degree of migraine-related disability, and preventive treatment options.
Consistent eye contact between physicians and their patient is associated with an increase in patients' satisfaction, disclosure and understanding [ 21– 25].
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com