We obtain these findings both for banks' unadjusted risk modeling measures and for the portions of these measures that we model as attributable to banks' risk modeling activities, but not for the portions we model as attributable to banks' disclosure of these activities.
The practices would include pledges of nonpolitical governance structures and more disclosure of portfolio activities.
Last year, Mr. Pataki blocked a proposal by the Senate majority leader, Joseph L. Bruno, that would have required the disclosure of those activities.
"There are a series of investigations going on as a result of the disclosure of the activities depicted on photos," Mr DiRita said last night.
Federal prosecutors cited the Sands' "voluntary and complete disclosure" of its activities involving Mr. Ye Gon, as well as the company's "extensive" cooperation in the investigation, as the basis for the agreement not to prosecute.
In 1993 a compromise had been reached by the outgoing white regime and Mandela and the A.N.C. which averted civil war and made the peaceful transition possible: perpetrators of political killings under apartheid would receive amnesty on a case-by-case basis, in return for full disclosure of their activities.
Led by Treasury Secretary Henry M. Paulson Jr., the Bush administration has called for the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other international agencies to help the funds adopt a code of practices disavowing political motives in their investments and adopting greater disclosure of their activities and portfolios.
Robert Stumberg, a law professor at Georgetown University who has provided legal advice to "free Burma" coalitions around the country, said today that along with divestment, other options included seeking public disclosure of corporate activities in Myanmar as well as pushing for new legislation from Congress that would disavow any desire to pre-empt state and local efforts.
Representative Chris Van Hollen, a Maryland Democrat, and Senator Charles E. Schumer, Democrat of New York, are trying to minimize these effects with a bill that would force full disclosure of these activities and try to crack down on a few other loopholes opened by the Roberts court.
Later in the bill, a reporting structure is set up to command broader disclosure of surveillance activities to Congress, including the number of applications and orders — both applied for and denied — allowed for under various authorizing sections of the law.
