The comments from Supreme Court Justices made during oral arguments that gays or lesbians who were legally married in some states but still unable to qualify for federal spousal benefit were met with disapproval.
The tax bill, which was approved in a 227-203 House vote Tuesday, garnered widespread disapproval from Democrats who say it benefits the rich Americans and corporations and hurts the middle class.
Many parents have mixed feelings about starting medication, and often weigh concerns about adverse effects and social disapproval against potential behavioral and academic benefits [ 12, 38].
How might they possibly benefit from sounding approval and disapproval from the sideline?
Gallup surveys found that the majority of both Americans and Egyptians say greater interaction between Muslims and the West is a benefit not a threat, despite Egyptian disapproval of U.S. policies in their region.
If our approval and disapproval were based on thoughts about our own benefits and harms, the moral sentiments would vary from person to person and for the same person over time.
The underlying cognitive belief-base of attitudes, subjective norms, and PBC are behavioural (costs and benefits), normative (specific referents' approval or disapproval), and control (barriers and facilitators) beliefs, respectively.
The last phrase, translated from the psychobabble, can mean just about anything — that the speaker is an atheist who fears social disapproval or a fence-sitter who wants the theoretical benefits of faith, including hope of eternal life, without the obligations of actually practicing a religion.
Such disinterested uneasiness, and the concomitant pleasure we feel on contemplating the public benefits of adherence, are instances of moral disapproval and approval.
If others' approval and disapproval act as external sanctions, we have a cost-benefit model of compliance (Axelrod 1986, Coleman 1989).
