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The uncertainty of a trade policy shift performs as an operating cost to go into foreign trade and hence disadvantage effect on trade (Osnago et al. 2015).
Hino et al. (2013) further suggested that the logographic/alphabetic distinction may have led to a homophone disadvantage effect in an alphabetically scripted language but a homophone advantage effect in a logographically scripted language.
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Full statistical models suggested disadvantaging effects of living in high poverty neighborhoods among women and middle poverty neighborhoods among men.
Straightforward independent main disadvantaging effects of mid- to high poverty (44% versus 56%, RR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.71, 0.90) and being uninsured or covered by Medicaid (38% versus 51%, RR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.62, 0.91) that did not differ between women and men were observed.
The strain with two Tn 10dTc insertions in F seemed to show a slightly clearer competitive disadvantage, an effect noted for other strains.
Since GMCs may have disadvantages the effects of GMCs should carefully be studied.
Any consideration of the possible value of melatonin has to take this into account and to weigh advantages and eventual disadvantages of effects exerted at the various levels of action.
High strength tretinoin treatment has been evaluated in the treatment of photoaging as the conventional tretinoin therapy has following disadvantages: Beneficial effects of tretinoin are seen slowly and over a long period of time, which often leads to discontinuation of therapy.
The absence of a comparison or control state or group is an obvious disadvantage, as the effect of time during a session can be expected to influence the evoked potential components and the meditation effect would not be separated from this.
"Despite this, there is no routine publication of information by departments to account for what is spent within departments, and it is not possible to tell how many public servants in Canberra, Melbourne and so on devote their time to providing services to address Indigenous disadvantage to little effect".
These results help us to understand the advantage and the disadvantage of the effect of cosolvent (specially IPA) on the micellization of mixed surfactants and to design the surfactant formulas relative to cosolvent.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com