The consequences of this residential expansion have led to malfunctions, outlining a disadvantage area due to environmental problems.
That's all pretty obvious stuff, at least with hindsight (you want to go deeper into the mortgage meltdown, read Mark Zandi's crystal clear explanation in his new book, the royalties of which go to an investment fund for disadvantage areas--you go, Mark!).
One practice was situated in an disadvantage area.
Socioeconomic factors can be measured as self-reported income or education (individual-level) or via census-based measures of neighborhood disadvantage (area-level).
Because of data limitations, we were unable to include all cultural, social, and environmental factors from Patrick's model (e.g., cultural attitudes toward oral health, norms, social capital, social disadvantage, area-level poverty).
Thus, weighted net migration flows would have been −7.1% for social disadvantage (towards more disadvantaged areas) and −3.3% for material deprivation, suggestive of modest overall social drift.
This score is census-derived and summarises the socioeconomic disadvantage of areas focusing on the following area-level characteristics: low income earners; relatively lower educational attainment; and high unemployment.
[The] new powers to raise council tax will provide local authorities with some financial flexibility but … will disadvantage deprived areas with high needs for publicly funded care.
Every 20 years or so we see force work (to our disadvantage) in areas where it is disassociated with law and is applied without popular consen The question is not whether force works but whether, and how, the areas of community and the sence of community can be broadened to the point where force becomes universally as well as locally, beneficent.
