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A term is in simple equal supposition if it stands for the common nature that it directly signifies, as it occurs in 'man is a species'.
According to him, a general name supposits for and names (appellare) a set of individual things only through the common nature or universal which it directly signifies and which is present in that set of individuals (EP, ch. de substantia, fol. 26ra).
By introducing a second mental universal existing obiective in the mind, Burley hopes to account for the fact that we can grasp the meaning of a general noun even though we have not experienced any of its supposits, and thus without properly knowing the universal it directly signifies.
In Wyclif's view, a common term gives name to a certain set of individuals only by way of the nature that it originally and directly signifies, and is common to a certain group of individuals as their own quiddity (De logica, chap. 1, p. 7).
The hand shapes each stroke of ink on a page to reveal a form that directly signifies another concept or idea.
Similar(55)
"Expansion of the fiscal deficit and cumulative growth in government debt do not directly signify an increase in debt default risk".
(b) The identification of the "directly signified" prompts divergences among Tibetan scholars.
For most authors who accept that conceptual cognition has an appearing, or grasped object, this object (the don spyi) is also what is directly signified by a word.
For instance, in the phrase "John and Tom", the meaning of grouping is said to be not directly signified by the word "and".
There are two main issues with this model, one is the relation between the direct signifier and signified and the conceived ones, the other is the understanding of what is the "directly signified".
The latter nevertheless adopts the same basic model, using for the "directly signified" the more Dharmakīrtian expression "verbal object" (Tib. sgra don, Skt. śabdārtha) alternatively to the expressions "generic object" (don spyi).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com