Last December, the civil rights group filed suit against Michigan-based provider Trinity Health Corporation, and in 2013, it went a step further, suing the actual bishop authors of the religious directives on behalf of a woman who was denied treatment at a Catholic hospital in Muskegon, Michigan, while she was having a miscarriage.
Yet the two islands are still refusing to swap information automatically under the European Union's savings-tax directive, though they collect some tax on behalf of other countries under an option that keeps the beneficiaries' identity secret.
Bond's directive, to intervene in favour of oil interests on behalf of the US and the UK, while plausible, lends 007's mission a moral ambiguity that may be appropriate to the historic moment, but not to Bond as we have known him.
On 24 October, MacArthur had removed all restrictions on the movement of his forces south of the Yalu River and prepared for the final phase of the UN advance, defying a directive of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff and risking Chinese intervention on behalf of North Korea.
Instruction directives contain information about what decisions should be made or how (e.g. about values, goals of therapy and preferences for care in a variety of clinical scenarios), whereas proxy directives indicate the individual(s) who will make decisions on behalf of the patient should the patient lose competence.
Canadian courts and statutes have also clarified that health care professionals must respect refusals made on behalf of incompetent persons, without valid instruction directives, by their legally authorized substitute decision-makers.
115 It can therefore be concluded that there is considerable clarity and very little controversy concerning the law as it relates to withholding and withdrawal of potentially life-sustaining treatment from competent adults, or on behalf of incompetent persons without valid advance directives by their legally authorized substitute-decision-makers.
The directives, she said, were in response to organic certifiers, who sought clarification on behalf of their customers.
There are several strategies whereby ethical approval is obtained: it may be deferred until consciousness is regained, waived entirely, obtained in advance (if a directive is available) or it may be obtained from a surrogate acting on behalf of the unconscious patient [ 2].
He proposes to dissolve both Primary Care Trusts, which commission hospital care on behalf of GPs (family doctors), and Strategic Health Authorities, regional organisations that issue guidance and directives about expenditure.
Presidential Policy Directive 20 defines OCEO as "operations and related programs or activities … conducted by or on behalf of the United States Government, in or through cyberspace, that are intended to enable or produce cyber effects outside United States government networks".
