Sentence examples for directive effect from inspiring English sources

Antennas used must have a high directive effect; these antennas are installed in elevated locations such as large radio towers in order to be able to transmit across longer distances without obstructions in the path.

The −OH and −NH2 groups direct the coupling to the ortho and para sites, and the directive effects are pH-dependent.

Several studies have attempted to forecast what fuel prices will be in 2015 in order to analyse the sulphur directive effects.

The ECJ has still not granted horizontal direct effect to directives.

In terms of Community law, the case raises the controversial and thorny issue of the possible direct effect of directives between private persons.

With respect to the latter, three doctrines which every law student is familiar with are (i) that Directives normally have to be transposed into national law, but (2) on the occasion of a Member State's failure to do so Directives can have direct effect on an individual if they satisfy certain conditions.

The Council, while continuing to reject the specificity of Community law and the European Court of Justice's interpretation of article 189(3) of the Treaty on the direct effect of directives, has largely reached the results required by Community law through the application of traditional techniques of French administrative law.

The Court concluded, "the Directive precludes a national rule which makes the validity of an agency contract conditional upon the commercial agent being entered in the appropriate register".43 In this way it appeared as if the Court wanted to have the Directive itself directly applied in the relationship between the parties, thus actually giving horizontal direct effect to a directive.

Competence to complete psychiatric advance directives: effects of facilitated decision making.

Against a background of the justification of direct effect as such, this article identifies whether doctrine (3), concerned with the non-horizontal limitation on direct effect, can still be seen as valid, and also attempts to reconstruct the perceived theoretical drive towards the full (i.e. horizontal) direct effect of Directives.

The direct effects of the directive on European land use and biodiversity therefore are relatively minor.